Sanskrit Suffixes
प्रत्ययाः(pratyayāḥ)
Chapter
7
Skill Level
Intermediate
Language
Sanskrit explained in English
Overview
Hope you have understood and learnt Word Classes, Grammatical Numbers Persons and Genders, Cases and Tenses, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs in chapter 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 respectively.
‘Sanskrit Suffixes’ is the seventh chapter in this series. From the name of the chapter, we can understand that we will learn about suffixes in Sanskrit language.Word Classes
Learning this chapter will help you:
- Understand and learn Suffixes
Who is the chapter for?
- A person interested in learning Sanskrit.
- One who wants to learn Suffixes in Sanskrit.
Sanskrit Suffixes
प्रत्ययाः(pratyayāḥ)
In Sanskrit, suffixes are known as प्रत्ययाः(pratyayāḥ). Besides the suffixes that are added to verbs for tenses, there are some suffixes which are added to verbs which modify their meaning.
Whenever these suffixes are added to a verb, the verb’s form will never change.
The प्रत्ययाः (pratyayāḥ) are-
क्त्वा – Whenever this is added to a verb, it indicates something happening after the completion of the verb.
ल्यप् – This is exactly same as क्त्वा () but it is used for verbs which have a prefix ( उपसर्गः) added to them.
तुमुन् – This suffix is used in the sense, ‘to do’.
अनीयर् – This used in the sense, ‘should be done’.
तव्यत् – This is used in the sense, ‘should be done’.
Below given is a table of some commonly used verbs with their forms when suffixes are added to them.
| धातुः | क्त्वा | ल्यप् |
| कृ | कृत्वा | – |
| गम् | गत्वा | आगत्य |
| लिख् | लिखित्वा | विलिख्य |
| पठ् | पठित्वा | आपठ्य |
| नम् | नत्वा | प्रणम्य |
| दृश् | दृष्ट्व | – |
| तुमुन् | अनीयर् | तव्यत् |
| कर्तुम् | करणीयम् | कर्तव्यम् |
| गन्तुम् | गमनीयम् | गन्तव्यम् |
| लेखितुम् | लेखनीयम् | लेखितव्यम् |
| पठितुम् | पठनीयम् | पठितव्यम् |
| नन्तुम् | नमनीयम् | नन्तव्यम् |
| द्रष्टुम् | दर्शनीयम् | द्रष्टव्यम् |